Air conditioning (ac) systems are designed to cool and purify the air in either an individual room or a whole building. Some systems are small enough to fit on the wall and will cool the air in the room where they are fitted.
Air conditioning works on the same principle as refrigeration except that they draw the warm air out of the atmosphere and replace it with cooler, drier air.
Nowadays ac systems can both cool and heat the air in a building and are known as heating and ventilating air conditioning units or HVACs.
HVACs work in the following way:
The warm air from the room is pulled or sucked through a grille, which is generally close to the base of the machine. This then flows over the chiller pipes that are in the unit. A cooling fluid is in the pipes so that it works like the chiller cabinet in a domestic fridge, cooling and dehumidifying, drawing off any extra moisture. Once the moisture has been drawn out it then flows across a heating element, and this can work to make the air in a room warmer.
A fan at the top of the unit blows the air back through a second grille in the unit and out into the room or building. If the heating element of the ac unit is turned down low, then the air that flows back into the building is cooler. The cooler (which is an easily evaporated volatile liquid) goes through the chiller pipes and turns into a cool gas which then takes the heat out of the building. The coolant flows through a compressor, as it would in a domestic fridge which then turns it back into a liquid so that the cycle can begin again.
On the outside of the heating and ventilating air conditioning unit, there is a second fan and its job is to blow the heat away from the air con through an open grille. Eventually the heat that is inside the building is pumped outside. HVACs are also used as air purifiers and when certain filters are used the machine can pull out many of the irritants that can aggravate conditions such as asthma.
Air conditioning has been around since the Romans put water through an aqueduct so that it circulated around the walls of a house to cool the air. Modern systems can be traced back to the closing years of the nineteenth century.
However, the type of electrical air conditioning systems that are in use today were patented in 1902 by a man called Willis Haviland Carrier who worked at a company in Buffalo, New York. The first unit that Carrier built started operating in the July of 1902.
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